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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第七章</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">市场细分</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">market segmentation</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">是企业根据消费者需求的不同,把整个市场划分成不同的消费者群的过程。其客观基础是消费者需求的异质性。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">消费者需求模式</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">customers demand pattern</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">分析消费者的需求模式是进行市场细分的前提</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">需求模式(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">Demand pattern</font></span><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)表示了消费者对同一产品或服务需求上的同质性或差异性。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">同质需求</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">homogeneous demand</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 同质需求市场中的消费者表现出对某一产品或服务的基本相同的需求,不存在异常情况。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">聚类需求</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">cluster demand</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">在聚类偏好(需求)中,消费者对产品或服务的需要有一定的差异性,但这些不同的需求可以划分为两个或更多的可识别的聚类,不同聚类的消费者有着其独特的偏好,其购买标准也不同。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">分散需求</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">diffused demand</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">消费者的需求可能完全散布在市场空间的不同位置,也就是说,每个消费者对产品或服务的需求都是不同的,这就是分散需求。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">市场细分标准</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">segment bases</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">按照市场细分的定义,进行细分的唯一标准就是消费者需求的不同</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">但是消费者的需求是不可衡量的,所以,通常以影响消费者需求的各种因素为标准来进行市场细分。这些标准有的与消费者的消费特征有关,如消费者的性别、家庭寿命周期等;有的则与消费者的需要与欲望有关,如消费者的使用频率和对产品的忠诚度等。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">地理标准</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">geographic demographics bases</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 处于不同地理位置的消费者往往表现出不同的消费特征,故地理因素可以作为细分市场的常用标准。常用的地理细分因素有地区、城乡、气候、人口密度等。</span><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">人文标准</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(personal demographic bases)</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 是指对消费者个体或某一消费者群的特征的描述。常用于进行市场细分的人文因素有年龄、性别、婚姻状况、家庭人口结构、收入水平、职业、受教育程度、宗教信仰、种族、国籍等。</span><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">消费行为标准</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">consumer behavioral bases</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 消费者的消费行为反映了消费者的生活、打发时光及花钱的方式</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">利用消费者的行为可以把市场划分为多个具有明显差异的子市场。常用来进行市场细分的消费行为因素既包括社会阶层、家庭生命周期、消费者的个性等社会因素;也包括使用场合、使用者状况、使用率、忠诚程度、追求利益、对产品的态度、购买产品或使用产品时机等个人因素。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">市场潜力</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> (market potential)</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 指一个产品或服务市场的整体预期销售额,是对一定时期内某一市场能够消费一种产品的定量描述。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">目标市场</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">target market</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 就是企业选择为之服务的对象。它可以指某一地理区域,但是更确切地说,应该是某一范围内的购买者,这些购买者具有共同的需求特征。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">市场专业化</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">market special</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 根据某一细分市场的需要,企业生产该细分市场中消费者所需要的所有的产品。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">产品专业化</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">product special</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 企业针对顾客的不同需求,专门生产不同规格的某种产品的策略。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">选择性策略</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">selected coverage</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">企业可以选择几个较有吸引力的细分市场作为自己的目标市场,并生产能满足这些市场的顾客需求的产品。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">无差异性策略</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">undifferentiated marketing</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 针对购买集团中最大多数顾客的共同需要而采用单一的营销组合策略。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">集中性策略</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">concentrated marketing</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">与无差异性营销策略企图满足所有细分市场中所有消费者的需要不同,集中性营销策略主要将企业的力量、资源集中于一个小的、特定的子市场,并以自己特定的营销策略组合来满足该子市场的需要。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">差异性策略</span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #353f55; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">differentiated marketing</font></span><span style="COLOR: #353f55; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 在差异性营销策略下,企业可以选择两个或更多个子市场,并针对不同的子市场的需求特点采取不同的营销策略组合。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #495778; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p> |
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